New England Metropolis Catherine R. Rhodes For centuries the Spanish Empire's

For centuries the Spanish Empire's conscripted laborers extracted silver from hand-dug tunnels and shafts deep beneath the mountain spine of the Americas

December 30

and up to the time of the French Revolution of 1789

(including 178 previously unseen images)

New England Metropolis Catherine R. Rhodes For centuries the Spanish Empire'sAt the start of the nineteenth century, Boston was at its zenith as a maritime city even as New England was in decline. Many struggling farmers abandoned the area for more promising opportunities to the west. Yet by 1850, New England had been transformed into one of the most industrialized regions in the world. Former agricultural villages had become specialized manufacturing towns producing consumer goods for sale, and Boston merchant capitalists had